- All crypto income and expenses of a company go through its accounts and into its taxable profit. The tax authority says there is no single way to account for crypto.
- Corporate income tax (IRC): 19% for tax periods starting in 2026, 18% in 2027 and 17% from 2028, with 15% on the first €50,000 for qualifying small and medium-sized companies.
- Exchanging crypto for euros is a VAT-exempt financial service, according to the tax authority’s rulings, which follow the EU Court of Justice.
- Crypto service providers need MiCA authorization, report customers to the tax authority (DAC8) and charge 4% stamp duty on their commissions.
This page covers companies and self-employed people in Portugal that hold, accept, mine or trade crypto. Private investors are covered on personal tax, and deadlines on filing and deadlines. It is general information, not tax advice.
Crypto in the accounts
Under the corporate income tax code (CIRC), all operations of a company must be reflected in its accounts so that the taxable profit can be determined. The AT says that all income and expenses, including those relating to crypto-assets, can therefore be included in the taxable profit. Because the accounting treatment depends on the economic nature and function of the crypto and the purpose of the business, the AT says there is no single way to account for crypto-assets and that, in case of doubt, the company should check with the Accounting Standardization Commission (Comissão de Normalização Contabilística, CNC). The tax treatment then follows the accounts, unless the CIRC requires corrections.
Companies in the simplified regime (articles 86-A and 86-B CIRC) include 15% of their crypto income and 95% of their mining income in the taxable amount. Self-employed people with organized accounts follow the CIRC rules too, with the adaptations of the personal income tax code; in the simplified IRS regime the same 15% and 95% apply (see mining and trading).
Corporate income tax rates
| Tax periods starting in | General IRC rate | Small and medium-sized companies |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 19% | 15% on the first €50,000, then the general rate |
| 2027 | 18% | 15% on the first €50,000, then the general rate |
| From 2028 | 17% | 15% on the first €50,000, then the general rate |
Law 64/2025 sets these rates. The reduced rate applies to qualifying small and medium-sized enterprises and small mid-cap companies. Municipal and state surcharges (derramas) can come on top; we could not confirm their current text from the tax authority’s pages, so we do not give figures. A company files its annual return (Modelo 22) by the last day of May; see filing and deadlines.
VAT on crypto
In the Hedqvist case (C-264/14, 22 October 2015), the Court of Justice of the European Union held that exchanging bitcoin for traditional currency, for a margin, is a financial service that is exempt from VAT. The AT follows that ruling and applies the exemption in article 9(27)(d) of the VAT code (CIVA):
- Exchanging crypto for money. Buying and selling bitcoin through an electronic platform is an exempt operation (binding information no. 14763, 28 January 2019). An intermediary that arranges crypto purchases and sales for clients and earns a commission is exempt too (no. 26772, 30 September 2024). A business that makes only exempt supplies cannot deduct input VAT, except where its clients are outside the EU.
- Mining. In binding information no. 14436 (3 July 2019), the AT said that remuneration in crypto for mining is a service subject to VAT but exempt, and that exchanging the mined crypto for money is also exempt.
- Accepting crypto as payment, and staking. We found no AT ruling on a business that is paid in crypto for goods or services, or on staking rewards.
If your business provides crypto services
- Authorization. Providing crypto-asset services, such as custody, exchange or transfers for clients, needs a MiCA authorization from Banco de Portugal, or a passport from another EU country. The Portuguese transitional regime ended on 1 July 2026; see regulation.
- Tax reporting. Since 1 January 2026, crypto-asset service providers collect customer data and report it to the AT every year by 31 May (DAC8, Law 26/2026); see filing and deadlines.
- Stamp duty on fees. Commissions and other charges collected by or through crypto-asset service providers are subject to 4% stamp duty (item 30 of the general table) when the provider or the client is domiciled in Portugal.
- Consumers. Providers must join at least two out-of-court dispute resolution bodies within three months of starting, tell the CMVM within 15 days, and are on the list of businesses that must offer the complaints book (Livro de Reclamações) under Law 69/2025.
Sources
- Autoridade Tributária: Criptoativos, conceito fiscal e tributação (December 2025) (last checked October 2026)
- Diário da República: Lei n.º 64/2025 (corporate income tax rates) (last checked October 2026)
- Autoridade Tributária: Ficha doutrinária IVA, processo 14763 (criptomoeda) (last checked October 2026)
- Autoridade Tributária: Ficha doutrinária IVA, processo 14436 (mineração) (last checked October 2026)
- Autoridade Tributária: Informação vinculativa IVA, processo 26772 (criptomoedas) (last checked October 2026)
- Autoridade Tributária: Código do IRC, artigo 120.º (last checked October 2026)
- Diário da República: Lei n.º 69/2025 (execution of MiCA) (last checked October 2026)
- Diário da República: Lei n.º 26/2026 (DAC8 and CARF) (last checked October 2026)
This page is general information, not tax advice. Rules and rates change, so check the official sources above before you act.